Octopuses are a family of cephalopods (a subgroup of marine invertebrates) known for their intelligence, their uncanny ability to blend into their surroundings, their unique style of locomotion (jet propulsion), and their ability to squirt ink.

Now these are some trivia and facts about octopus.

Octopuses Squirt Ink to Defend Themselves

When threatened by predators, most octopuses release a thick cloud of black ink, composed of melanin (the same pigment that gives human beings our skin and hair color). Despite what you may think, though, this cloud doesn’t serve simply as a visual “smoke screen” that allows the octopus to escape unnoticed; it also interferes with predators’ sense of smell (sharks, which can sniff small droplets of blood from hundreds of yards away, are especially vulnerable to this type of olfactory attack).

Octopuses Are Extremely Intelligent

Octopuses are the only marine animals–apart from whales and pinnipeds, of course–that are demonstrably capable of primitive problem-solving and pattern recognition skills. But whatever kind of intelligence these cephalopods possess, it’s extremely different from the human variety: for example, two-thirds of an octopus’ neurons are located along the length of its tentacles, rather than its brain, and there’s no convincing evidence that these invertebrates are capable of communicating with others of their kind.

Octopuses Have Three Hearts

All vertebrate animals have one heart, but an octopus is equipped with three: one that pumps blood throughout this cephalopod’s body (including its arms), and two that pump blood through its gills, the organs that enable it to breathe underwater. And there’s another key difference: the primary component of octopus blood is hemocyanin, which incorporates atoms of copper, rather than hemoglobin, which incorporates atoms of iron–which explains why octopus blood is blue rather than red!

Octopuses Have Short Life Expectancy

You may want to reconsider buying an octopus as a pet: most species have a life expectancy of less than a year, for a very gruesome reason. Millions of years of evolution have programmed male octopuses to die a few weeks after mating, and female octopuses stop eating while waiting for their eggs to hatch, starving themselves to death in the course of a few weeks. Even if you neuter your octopus (this procedure may not be offered by all veterinarians in your area), it’s unlikely to outlast the average hamster or gerbil.

 

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